Copper - Mafotokozedwe, Katundu, Magulu ndi Maphunziro

Mkuwa ndi chitsulo chakale kwambiri chomwe anthu amagwiritsa ntchito.Imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyambira nthawi zakale.Mkuwa wakhala ukukumbidwa kwa zaka zoposa 10,000 ndi pendant ya Copper yomwe imapezeka masiku ano Iraq ya 8700BC.Pofika 5000BC Copper inali kusungunuka kuchokera ku Copper Oxides wamba.Mkuwa umapezeka ngati chitsulo chachilengedwe komanso mu minerals cuprite, malachite, azurite, chalcopyrite ndi bornite.
Komanso nthawi zambiri zimakhala zopangidwa ndi siliva.Sulphides, oxides ndi carbonates ndizofunikira kwambiri.Copper ndi copper alloys ndi zina mwazinthu zosunthika zaukadaulo zomwe zilipo.Kuphatikizika kwa zinthu zakuthupi monga mphamvu, conductivity, kukana dzimbiri, machinability ndi ductility kupanga mkuwa woyenera ntchito zosiyanasiyana.Zinthu izi zitha kukulitsidwa mopitilira muyeso ndi kusiyanasiyana kwamapangidwe ndi njira zopangira.

Makampani Omanga
Chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mkuwa ndi ntchito yomanga.M'mafakitale omanga ntchito zopangira zamkuwa ndizokulirapo.Ntchito zokhudzana ndi zomangamanga zamkuwa zikuphatikizapo:

Kumanga denga
Kuyika
Machitidwe a madzi a mvula
Makina otenthetsera
Mapaipi amadzi ndi zopangira
Mafuta ndi gasi mizere
Mawaya amagetsi
Makampani omanga ndi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri copper alloy.Mndandanda wotsatirawu ndi kuwonongeka kwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mkuwa ndi mafakitale pachaka:

Makampani omanga - 47%
Zamagetsi zamagetsi - 23%
Transport - 10%
Zogulitsa zogula - 11%
Makina opanga mafakitale - 9%

Zolemba Zamalonda za Copper
Pali pafupifupi 370 nyimbo zamalonda za aloyi yamkuwa.Kalasi yodziwika bwino imakhala C106/CW024A - kalasi yokhazikika ya chubu yamadzi yamkuwa.

Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa aloyi padziko lonse lapansi kwa mkuwa ndi mkuwa tsopano kupitirira matani 18 miliyoni pachaka.

Ntchito za Copper
Copper ndi copper alloy zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana.Ena mwa mapulogalamuwa ndi awa:

Mizere yotumizira mphamvu
Zomangamanga ntchito
Ziwiya zophikira
Spark plugs
Mawaya amagetsi, zingwe ndi mabasi
High conductivity mawaya
Ma electrode
Zosintha kutentha
Machubu a refrigeration
Kumanga mabomba
Madzi utakhazikika mkuwa crucibles